Coloration of textile materials



, UNITEDISVTATES PATENT OFFICE GQLORATION 0F TEXTILE MATERIALS Herbert Plait, Cumberland, Mil, assignor to Oelanes'e Corporation of tion of Delaware No Drawing.

10 Claims.

This invention relates to the coloring of textile materials made of or containing organic derivatives of cellulose such as cellulose esters and cellulose ethers, and relates more particularly to the coloring of such materials by printing or stencilling methods.

As is well known, cellulose acetate or other organic esters of cellulose, and cellulose ethers have comparatively limited aflinities for a number of well knownclasses of coloring matters, for example, the acid wool colors,,direct cotton colors, any of the vat colors, pigments and also some of the basic dyestuffs. This lack of aflinity is especially noticeable in the case of applying the 0 coloring matters by printing or stencilling methods. The term fcoloring matters is hereinafter used in the sense of including not only dyestuifs but also pigments. 1

It is an object of this invention to produce fast c'olorations on materials comprising cellulose esters or cellulose ethers'with the aid of colorin matters which, while they have an affinity for the cellulose ester of cellulose ether material, are insoluble or diilicultly soluble in water.

Another object of this invention is the pro uction of a coloring matter composition suitable for direct'printing, stencilling, etc. on textile materials containing organic derivatives of cellulose,

which imparts to the materials a color which is faster to steaming and washing than has been heretofore obtainable with the same colorin matter. I

A further object of this invention is the preparation of a printing paste in which the colorin matter compound is more evenly and finely dispersed in the gum or other carrier therefor.

Other objects of this invention will appear from the following detailed description and the appended claims.

It has now been found that if such water-insoluble coloring matters are applied to the cellulose derivative materials in the presence of an organic liquid exerting at least a solvent action on the coloring matters, commer cially valuable colorations are obtained. Preferably such organic liquids have a relatively high boiling point.

In accordance with the process of the present invention I apply the coloring matter composition together with the organic liquid to the fabric or other textile material and dry the treated material at an elevated temperature. The thus treated textile material is then subjected to a steaming operation and finally dried. The present process is of considerable advantage in the prlntingxand stencilling of cellulose ester and quantity of the same, namely, on the order of 'about 3%, need be employed. In the printing America, a corpora- 1 Application February 3, 1938, Serial No. 188,441

cellulose ether materials with dispersed insoluble colors, for example, the SBA, the Cellitone and Duranol colors. These dispersed insoluble colors may, for example, be of the azo series, of the anthraquinone series such as amino and amino-hydroxy anthraquinones, and their alkyl or oxy-alkyl derivatives, and nitrated compounds, as for example, nitro-diarylamines.

I have found that the mono-laurate of diethylene glycol known in the art and hereinafter designated as diglycol laurate may with great advantage be employed with the process of this invention. This organic liquid -is high boilingand non-volatile and therefore does not evaporate or thicken on ageing. The diglycol laurate is mis-' I cible with glycerine, ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol in certain proportions, and also with the aqueous paste preparation with which it is incorporated. The use of diglycol laurate ,hasthe advantage overthe organic liquids heretofore employed for similar purposes in that it is practically free from odor and yields purer and brighter colors. Moreover, this compound is very easy to obtain, is relatively inexpensive and only a small with SRA dyestuffs, for example, diglycol laurate is a particularly valuable addition to the SEA dyestuff printing paste since it has the property of dissolving the dyestuff and keeping it einul- 3O sified and dispersed. This results in the printing paste yielding prints which are free from specks and which are penetrated more completely into the organic derivative of cellulose materials being treated. 35.

The materials to be treated in accordance with the present invention may consist of or contain any ester or ether of cellulose, for example cellulose acetate, cellulose formate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose nitro-acetate, ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose and benzyl cellulose, the said cellulose derivatives being present alone or in admixture with each other or in admixture with other fibers, for instance, cotton, reconstituted cellulose, natural silk or wool. Differential efl'ects are of course obtainable on fabrics containing such other fibers in accordance with the afiinity of the said fibers for the dyestuffs or coloring matters applied.

Moreover, as has already been stated, certain basic dyestufls present difiiculties in their application to the goods, particularly when applied by printing methods. The present invention envisages the application, together with the organic liquid referred to of such dyestufl's, as, for example, 2:4- dinitro 4 hydroxy dlphenylamine (yellow); benzene-azo-benzene-azo-phenol (yellow) alpha ethanol amino anthraquinone (red) methylated diamino-anthrarufin (blue); 1 :4 diethanolamine 5 oxya h t h r aquinone (green) phenol-azo-phenyl methyl -pyrazolone (yellow) paranitro-benzene azo dioxy ethylmetachloraniline (scarlet).

Printing pastes, stencilling preparations or the like may contain any other desired ingredients, for example, a thickener of any kind such as gum arabic, starch, British gum or soluble cellulose ethers or cellulose esters, and any other desired assistants, for example, ethylene thio-diglycol, diethylene glycol, glycol, etc.

The following example illustrates the invention but it is not to be considered as limiting it in any way:

Example A fabric consisting of cellulose acetate yarn is printed with a paste made as follows:

Parts by weight SRA Print Red VI X 8 Water -4 19 Gum tragacanth 65 Glycerine 5 Diglycol laurate 3 After printing the fabric is subjected to the action of heat until dried. The printed fabric is then steamed for one-half hour at 5 pounds pressure. soaped lightly and dried. The prints obtained are free from specks and penetrate more completey into the fabric.

It is to be understood that the foregoing detailed description is merely given by way of illustration and that many variations may be made therein without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having described my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In the process of locally coloring materials comprising organic derivatives of cellulose with a composition containing a dyestuif, the step which comprises incorporating diglyool laurate with the dyestufi.

2. In the process of locally coloring materials comprising organic derivatives of cellulose with a composition containing a water-insoluble dyestuff, the step which comprises incorporating diglycol laurate with the dyestuif.

3. In the process of locally coloring textile materials comprising cellulose acetate with a composition containing a water-insoluble dyestuif, the step which comprises incorporating diglycol laurate with the composition.

4. In the process of locally coloring textile materials comprisingmrganic derivatives of cellulose with a composition containing a water-insoluble dyestufl', the step which comprises incorporating diglycol "laurate with the composition, the jdiglycol laurate being present in an amount equal to about 3% by weight of the composition,

5. In the process of locally coloring textile materials comprising cellulose acetate with a composition containing a water-insoluble dyestufi, the step which comprises incorporating a diglycol laurate with the composition, the diglycol laurate being present in an amount equal to about 3% by weight of the composition.

6. A printing paste for use in coloring textile materials comprising an organic derivative of cellulose, said paste containing a dyestuif, a thickening agent, a softening agent, and diglycol laurate.

7. A printing paste for use in coloring textile materials comprising cellulose acetate, said paste containing a dyestufi, a thickening agent, a softening agent, and diglycol laurate as a solvent and dispersing agent for the dyestuif.

8. A printing paste for use in coloring textile materials comprising an organic derivative of cellulose, said paste containing a water-insoluble dyestufl, a gum. glyoerine, and diglycol laurate as a solvent and dispersing agent for the dyestuii'.

9. A printing paste for use in coloring textile materials comprising an organic derivative of cellulose, said paste containing a water-insoluble dyestuif, a gum, glycerine, and diglycol laurate as a solvent and dispersing agent for the dyestuif, the diglycol laurate being present in an amount equal to about 3% by weight of the printing paste.

10. A printing paste for use in coloring textile materials comprising cellulose acetate, said paste containing a water-insoluble dyestuif, a gum, glycerine, and'diglycol laurate as a solvent and dispersing agent for the dyestufi, the diglycol laurate being present in an amount equal to about 3% by weight of the printing paste.

rmnena'r PLATI. 

